route-handlers

SKILL.md 节选

# Next.js Route Handlers

## Overview

Route Handlers allow you to create API endpoints using the Web Request and Response APIs. They're defined in `route.ts` files within the `app` directory.

## Basic Structure

### File Convention

Route handlers use `route.ts` (or `route.js`):

```
app/
├── api/
│   ├── users/
│   │   └── route.ts      # /api/users
│   └── posts/
│       ├── route.ts      # /api/posts
│       └── [id]/
│           └── route.ts  # /api/posts/:id
```

### HTTP Methods

Export functions named after HTTP methods:

```tsx
// app/api/users/route.ts
import { NextResponse } from 'next/server'

export async function GET() {
  const users = await db.user.findMany()
  return NextResponse.json(users)
}

export async function POST(request: Request) {
  const body = await request.json()
  const user = await db.user.create({ data: body })
  return NextResponse.json(user, { status: 201 })
}
```

Supported methods: `GET`, `POST`, `PUT`, `PATCH`, `DELETE`, `HEAD`, `OPTIONS`

## Request Handling

### Reading Request Body

```tsx
export async function POST(request: Request) {
  // JSON body
  const json = await request.json()

  // Form data
  const formData = await request.formData()
  const name = formData.get('name')

  // Text body
  const text = await request.text()

  return NextResponse.json({ received: true })
}
```

### URL Parameters

Dynamic route parameters:

```tsx
// app/api/posts/[id]/route.ts
interface RouteContext {
  params: Promise<{ id: string }>
}

export async function GET(
  request: Request,
  context: RouteContext
) {
  const { id } = await context.params
  const post = await db.post.findUnique({ where: { id } })

  if (!post) {
    return NextResponse.json(
      { error: 'Not found' },
      { status: 404 }
    )
  }

  return NextResponse.json(post)
}
```

### Query Parameters

```tsx
export async function GET(request: Request) {
  const { searchParams } = new URL(request.url)
  const page = searchParams.get('page') ?? '1'
  const limit = searchParams.get('limit') ?? '10'

  const posts = await db.post.findMany({
    skip: (parseInt(page) - 1) * parseInt(limit),
    take: parseInt(limit),
  })

  return NextResponse.json(posts)
}
```

### Request Headers

```tsx
export async function GET(request: Request) {
  const authHeader = request.headers.get('authorization')

  if (!authHeader?.startsWith('Bearer ')) {
    return NextResponse.json(
      { error: 'Unauthorized' },
      { status: 401 }
    )
  }

  const token = authHeader.split(' ')[1]
  // Validate token...

  return NextResponse.json({ authenticated: true })
}
```

## Response Handling

### JSON Response

```tsx
import { NextResponse } from 'next/server'

export async function GET() {
  return NextResponse.json(
    { message: 'Hello' },
    { status: 200 }
  )
}
```

### Setting Headers

```tsx
export async function GET() {
  return NextResponse.json(
    { data: 'value' },
    {
      headers: {
        'Cache-Control': 'max-age=3600',
        'X-Custom-Header': 'custom-value',
      },
    }
  )
}
```

### Setting Cookies

```tsx
import { cookies } from 'next/headers'

export async function POST(request: Request) {
  const cookieStore = await cookies()

  // Set cookie
  cookieStore.set('session', 'abc123', {
    httpOnly: true,
    secure: process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production',
    sameSite: 'lax',
    maxAge: 60 * 60 * 24 * 7, // 1 week
  })

  return NextResponse.json({ success: true })
}
```

### Redirects

```tsx
import { redirect } from 'next/navigation'
import { NextResponse } from 'next/server'

export async function GET() {
  // Option 1: redirect function (throws)
  redirect('/login')

  // Option 2: NextResponse.redirect
  return NextResponse.redirect(new URL('/login', request.url))
}
```

## Streaming Responses

### Text Streaming

```tsx
export async function GET() {
  const encoder = new TextEncoder()
  const stream = new ReadableStream({
    async start(controller) {
      for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

SKILL.md 不止这些内容，安装后可阅读全文。

技能包内容

共 4 个文件，合计 37.3 KiB