nextjs-app-router-patterns

SKILL.md 节选

# Next.js App Router Patterns

Comprehensive patterns for Next.js 14+ App Router architecture, Server Components, and modern full-stack React development.

## When to Use This Skill

- Building new Next.js applications with App Router
- Migrating from Pages Router to App Router
- Implementing Server Components and streaming
- Setting up parallel and intercepting routes
- Optimizing data fetching and caching
- Building full-stack features with Server Actions

## Core Concepts

### 1. Rendering Modes

| Mode | Where | When to Use |
|------|-------|-------------|
| **Server Components** | Server only | Data fetching, heavy computation, secrets |
| **Client Components** | Browser | Interactivity, hooks, browser APIs |
| **Static** | Build time | Content that rarely changes |
| **Dynamic** | Request time | Personalized or real-time data |
| **Streaming** | Progressive | Large pages, slow data sources |

### 2. File Conventions

```
app/
├── layout.tsx       # Shared UI wrapper
├── page.tsx         # Route UI
├── loading.tsx      # Loading UI (Suspense)
├── error.tsx        # Error boundary
├── not-found.tsx    # 404 UI
├── route.ts         # API endpoint
├── template.tsx     # Re-mounted layout
├── default.tsx      # Parallel route fallback
└── opengraph-image.tsx  # OG image generation
```

## Quick Start

```typescript
// app/layout.tsx
import { Inter } from 'next/font/google'
import { Providers } from './providers'

const inter = Inter({ subsets: ['latin'] })

export const metadata = {
  title: { default: 'My App', template: '%s | My App' },
  description: 'Built with Next.js App Router',
}

export default function RootLayout({
  children,
}: {
  children: React.ReactNode
}) {
  return (
    <html lang="en" suppressHydrationWarning>
      <body className={inter.className}>
        <Providers>{children}</Providers>
      </body>
    </html>
  )
}

// app/page.tsx - Server Component by default
async function getProducts() {
  const res = await fetch('https://api.example.com/products', {
    next: { revalidate: 3600 }, // ISR: revalidate every hour
  })
  return res.json()
}

export default async function HomePage() {
  const products = await getProducts()

  return (
    <main>
      <h1>Products</h1>
      <ProductGrid products={products} />
    </main>
  )
}
```

## Patterns

### Pattern 1: Server Components with Data Fetching

```typescript
// app/products/page.tsx
import { Suspense } from 'react'
import { ProductList, ProductListSkeleton } from '@/components/products'
import { FilterSidebar } from '@/components/filters'

interface SearchParams {
  category?: string
  sort?: 'price' | 'name' | 'date'
  page?: string
}

export default async function ProductsPage({
  searchParams,
}: {
  searchParams: Promise<SearchParams>
}) {
  const params = await searchParams

  return (
    <div className="flex gap-8">
      <FilterSidebar />
      <Suspense
        key={JSON.stringify(params)}
        fallback={<ProductListSkeleton />}
      >
        <ProductList
          category={params.category}
          sort={params.sort}
          page={Number(params.page) || 1}
        />
      </Suspense>
    </div>
  )
}

// components/products/ProductList.tsx - Server Component
async function getProducts(filters: ProductFilters) {
  const res = await fetch(
    `${process.env.API_URL}/products?${new URLSearchParams(filters)}`,
    { next: { tags: ['products'] } }
  )
  if (!res.ok) throw new Error('Failed to fetch products')
  return res.json()
}

export async function ProductList({ category, sort, page }: ProductFilters) {
  const { products, totalPages } = await getProducts({ category, sort, page })

  return (
    <div>
      <div className="grid grid-cols-3 gap-4">
        {products.map((product) => (
          <ProductCard key={product.id} product={product} />
        ))}
      </div>
      <Pagination currentPage={page} totalPages={totalPages} />
    </div>
  )
}
```

### Pattern 2: Client Components with 'use client'

```typescript
// components/products/AddToCartButton.tsx

SKILL.md 不止这些内容，安装后可阅读全文。

技能包内容

共 1 个文件，合计 13.1 KiB